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Naval Air Station Patuxent River Base GuideOur NeighborsTuesday, March 11, 2008
Southern Maryland has changed signficantly since 1634. Despite the inevitable change brought by the passage of time and growth of the region, the ideals, values and traditions upon which Maryland was built still echo throughout Calvert, Charles and St. Mary's counties.
When you first arrive in Southern Maryland you might be surprised at the strong sense of history that surrounds you. Wherever you go you'll find more than monuments - you'll feel a presence, a proud identity with the birth of American independence. Give yourself time. You can't see it all in a day. With time and a little patience, you'll discover what is one of the most exciting places in the world. Ours is a cornucopia of recreational, cultural and travel opportunities within many different areas. Explore the rich history and strong sense of heritage. Discover what so many have come to find as a state and a region with something for everyone. The story of the great state of Maryland began in Southern Maryland when the first 140 settlers arrived at St. Clement's Island March 25, 1634. They came with a sacred purpose - to build a new society founded on the principles of religious tolerance, separation of church and state, equal justice and representative government - revolutionary ideas in their time. Their principles took root and flourished in the land they called Maryland and became an enduring legacy of freedom to the generations of Americans who would follow. These first Maryland settlers established a permanent colony at St. Mary's City. St. Mary's County, site of Naval Air Station Patuxent River, was established in 1637, Calvert County in 1654 and Charles County in 1658. Southern Maryland has changed significantly since 1634. Despite the inevitable changes brought by the passage of time and growth of the region, the ideals, values and traditions upon which Maryland was built still echo throughout Calvert, Charles and St. Mary's counties. There is a pleasant surprise waiting for you in Southern Maryland today - a beautiful land nestled between the Potomac River and the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay. The region, home to a quarter of a million people, is made up of 1,000 square miles of land captured within 700 miles of pristine shoreline. Southern Maryland has so very much to offer its residents and guests. If you care to step back in time, embark for St. Clement's Island, the landing site of those first Maryland colonists, or tour Historic St. Mary's City, England's fourth permanent settlement in America and Maryland's first capital. Tour the home of Dr. Samuel A. Mudd, who set the broken leg of John Wilkes Booth, President Lincoln's assassin, or stroll through the region's beautiful manor homes such as Sotterley Mansion, built in 1717, or Smallwood's Retreat, home of Revolutionary War General William Smallwood. Attend worship services at one of the region's historical churches such as St. Francis Xavier in Newtown, St. Ignatius Church at Chapel Point, or Middleham Church, in the oldest cruciform designed church in Maryland. Explore the Calvert Marine Museum in Solomons, just minutes from Naval Recreation Center Solomons, and learn more about southern Maryland's maritime history and pre-history, when ancient seas covered the entire region. Roam the site of Port Tobacco, an important center for the colony's tobacco trade near La Plata, or discover the tools of American Indians who settled Maryland thousands of years before the first Europeans arrived, at the Jefferson Patterson Park and St. Clement's Island-Potomac Museum. If you long for the serenity of sailing, set a course for the Chesapeake Bay, the Potomac, or the Patuxent rivers. If you enjoy the challenge of fishing, cast your line into southern Maryland's water and land a catch of rockfish, white perch, pike, large mouth bass or flounder. Dangle your bait from a local pier and net a bushel of crabs, or go out with one of our charter boat captains and pull in the famous rockfish or "big blues." If you search for an adventure of the mind, enter the realm of the towering bald cypress trees at Battle Creek Cypress Swamp Sanctuary near Prince Frederick, or hike to the majestic Calvert Cliffs, one of the richest deposits of marine fossils in the Eastern United States. Watch a dazzling show of precision flying and aerial acrobatics at the Air Expo held every other year at Naval Air Station Patuxent River. If you dream of savoring a "taste of southern Maryland," attend the annual St. Mary's County Oyster Festival at the county fairgrounds, visit the lively open-air cafes on Solomons Island, take your family to a crab feast at Popes Creek, or try a traditional Southern Maryland dish like stuffed ham, oysters or spicy crab soup at one of our many fine restaurants. Southern Maryland's hospitality may be found in abundance throughout Calvert, Charles and St. Mary's counties. Welcome to Southern Maryland.
St. Mary's County The tiny frontier village these men and women established was named St. Mary's. The Catholic Calverts began the settlement, which later became capital of the area, on deeply seated principles of religious toleration between Catholics and Protestants. This policy, formally adopted in 1649 with the passage of the Toleration Act, set the standard for many of the colonies and eventually for the U.S. Constitution. In 1695 the capital of Maryland was moved to Annapolis. St. Mary's, which had boomed as the seat of government, became farmland. Today, archeological digs are common to discover more of the natural as well as social history of the area. During the Revolutionary War, the men of St. Mary's County played an active role in many battles. Point Lookout served as an observation point to watch British activities in the Chesapeake Bay during the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. The area was such a detriment to the British effort that during both wars British warships bombarded the coastline, forcing colonists to flee. During the latter part of the War of 1812, the British captured Point Lookout and used the area as a supply base for the invasion of Washington and the attempted capture of Baltimore. Maryland remained a Union state during the Civil War. The Union Army established a hospital and a prison camp at Point Lookout. More than 52,000 Confederate prisoners of war were held during the war. St. Mary's County suffered during the Depression along with the rest of the country. The self-sufficiency of the area allowed St. Mary's to fair slightly better than most other urban areas. For more information on things to see and do in St. Mary's County, please visit www.stmarysmaryland.com/tourism or call 1-800-327-9023.
Things to See and Do
Potomac Jazz & Seafood Festival
LiL' Margaret's Bluegrass and Old Time Music Festival
St. Mary's County Fair
Ghosts of Sotterley
Annual Blessing of the Fleet
Southern Maryland Farm Life Festival
Grand Militia Muster
St. Mary's County Oyster Festival
Annual Veterans Day Parade
Christmas on the Square & Annual Tree Lighting
Historic St. Mary's City Special events held throughout the year provide unique opportunities for visitors to work alongside archaeologists, explore the life ways and culture of the region's Native American peoples, and discover various facets of the colonial experience in Tidewater Maryland. Historic St. Mary's City hours are seasonal, please contact the museum for details.
Piney Point Lighthouse Park & Museum
Point Lookout State Park
Sotterley Plantation
St. Clement's Island - Potomac River Museum
Cecil's Old Mill
Tudor Hall
Historic Leonardtown
St. George's Episcopal Church
Patuxent River Naval Air Museum The museum is a culmination of the vision and hard work of many Navy officials (civilian and military), local military organizations, county commissioners, community groups and aircraft company representatives who began the quest for this museum in 1974. Their dream was to preserve the history, describe the present, and project the future of Naval Aviation test and evaluation at Patuxent River. The museum is one of 11 Navy museums in the country approved by the Secretary of the Navy. As a naval education facility, PRNAM is charged with preserving the heritage and interpreting the history of the science and technology of naval aviation by collecting, preserving and communicating that history to Navy service members and the public. The museum features interactive and hands-on displays that provide an understanding of the technical processes involved in naval aviation research, development, test & evaluation. Among the exhibits is ëThe Great Model Collection,' some 1,300 aircraft models, including 18 wind tunnel test models such as the Convair XF2Y Sea Dart and the Grumman F9F Panther. Also exhibited is the history of flight helmet development, seven ejection seats, seven aircraft engines and the infamous ërubber airplane,' the Goodyear Inflatoplane. The Ex-Drone and the Pioneer, two contemporary unmanned aerial vehicle types used for reconnaissance during Operation Desert Storm and in Bosnia, are on display. Visitors can inspect and handle flight controls while seated in the procedures training cockpits of a McDonald Douglas F-4 Phantom II or a Vought A-7 Corsair II. Outside, on static display, are 17 aircraft that may be viewed up close. These aircraft represent types tested at Pax River, and in some cases are actual test aircraft retired from service. Aircraft include the A-4 Skyhawk, RA-5C Vigilante, A-7 Corsair II, E-2B Hawkeye, F-6 Skyray, F-4 Phantom II, TH-IL Iroquois, H-53 Sea Stallion, S-2D Tracker, T-39D Sabreliner, A-6E Intruder, F/A-18 Hornet, AH-1J Seacobra, F-14A Tomcat, SH-2G Seasprite and the Lockheed Martin X-35C Joint Strike Fighter concept demonstrator. Admission and parking are free. The museum is located on the northeast corner of NAS Patuxent River Gate 1 and MD Route 235. It is open six days a week from Tuesday through Sunday from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. This schedule is year-round except for Easter, Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's days. The museum gift shop is open during the same hours. Tours, meetings, reenlistment and retirement ceremonies may be scheduled by appointment. For information on joining the PRNAM Association, volunteering your time or scheduling events, call 301-863-7418. Visit the museum's Web site at http://www.paxmuseum.com.
Charles County Settlements grew May 10, 1658, and Charles County was established. Reminders of these early days endure, as do remnants of our later history, which have been restored to their days of simpler living. With 150 miles of shoreline, Charles County is a mecca for boat owners as well as fishermen and seafood lovers. Travelers stop here annually to fish, crab, swim, boat, camp and water ski. White perch, largemouth bass, yellow perch, catfish, spot and rockfish abound in our waters. Nature lovers will be captivated by the natural beauty of our many parks and forests. Charles County is 18 miles south of the Nation's Capital. Visitors can enjoy day trips to Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Annapolis, Richmond and Williamsburg easily from Charles County. For more information, call the Charles County Community Services Tourism Division at (800) SO.MD.FUN or 301-645-0558.
Things to See and Do
Benedict
Dr. Mudd House
Gilbert Run Park
American Indian Cultural Center / Piscataway Indian Museum
Mount Carmel Monastery
Pope's Creek
Port Tobacco Courthouse
Port Tobacco One-Room School House
Smallwood State Park and Smallwood Retreat
St. Ignatius Church and Thomas Manor House
Thomas Stone National Historic Site
Zekiah Swamp
Christ Church, William and Mary Parish
Calvert County Captain John Smith is the first European known to have seen the peninsula. In 1608 during his exploration of the Chesapeake Bay, he wrote, it was "a fruitful and delightsome land...amply populated with wolves, bears, deer and other wild beasts as well as generally friendly natives." Calvert County was established July 3, 1654 by Lord Baltimore and was closely tied to political activities in England. When the Puritans were driven out of Virginia, some of them, under the leadership of Richard Preston, settled in Calvert County. His home was the site of the first assembly held in Maryland. Here in 1655, an armed band of Governor Stone's men from St. Mary's took the Puritans by surprise and seized papers and documents that had been taken from St. Mary's by the Puritans. The Great Seal of Maryland was lost in this raid and has never been recovered. It is believed to be buried in the garden or hidden in the walls of the old house. The time between the Revolutionary War and the Second War with England in 1812 was a time of uneventful growth in Calvert County. The plantation system developed, and much of the cultural, social and political life of the county was tied to this structure. In 1914 one of the most famous naval engagements in Maryland history took place in the Patuxent River. During this time, the British put ashore many raiding parties that pillaged, burned and destroyed many of the old plantation homes, tobacco warehouses and public buildings, including the courthouse. When the Civil War erupted, Calvert County was inclined to side with the southerners. At the end of the war, profound changes touched the county way of life, bringing almost to a standstill the agricultural practices which had provided a gracious living for the landowners. It was then that the economy of the county turned to the produce of the water. In 1865 Captain Isaac Solomon established a commercial fishery and cannery in the southernmost part of the county on an underdeveloped island, which immediately became known as Solomons Island. The quiet life of Calvert County continued into the 20th century, disrupted by the outbreak of the First World War in which many county men were lost. The period following World War I saw growth and improvements within the county. The Second World War brought a real turning point in Calvert County history, when Solomons became a training site for the Navy and Marines. Growth and change has followed and the county looks to the future with confidence.
Things to See and Do
American Chestnut Land Trust
Annmarie Garden
Battle Creek Cypress Swamp Sanctuary
Breezy Point Beach and Campground
Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant Visitors Center
Calvert Cliffs State Park
Calvert Marine Museum
Chesapeake Beach Railway Museum
Flag Ponds Nature Park
Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum
One-Room Schoolhouse Calvert County Department of Economic Development at 410-535-4583 or 800-331-9771 For more information about Calvert County attractions and a free "Calendar of Events" listing events and festivals occurring throughout the year, call or visit http://www.co.cal.md.us/cced.
Annapolis
Things to See and Do "Commissioning Week" and graduation day are special times with colorful parades of students in full dress uniforms. The academy is located at King George and Randall streets in Annapolis.
State House
Baltimore
Babe Ruth Birthplace
Baltimore Museum of Art
Druid Hill Park
Ft. McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine
Inner Harbor For information about Baltimore's Fourth of July weekend at Inner Harbor, call 410-837-4636 or 877-225-8466. For numbers not listed or for more information, please contact the Tri-County Council for Southern Maryland at 301-274-1922.
District of Columbia
Things to See and Do
Ford's Theater
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
National Air and Space Museum
U.S. Capitol
Vietnam Veterans' Memorial
The White House
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